The Next Generation Concrete Surface (NGCS) is the quietest non-porous concrete pavement surface available. NGCS is a hybrid texture that resembles a combination of diamond grinding and longitudinal grooving. Benefits of NGCS is a smoother ride, increased safety and decreased noise.

The strategic use of diamond grinding to optimize pavement performance while minimizing costs is discussed in this study. It compares bump grinding—targeting only uneven areas—to continuous production grinding, which involves grinding the full lane width and length. Production grinding is highlighted for its superior outcomes in terms of ride quality, friction, sound, fuel emissions and aesthetics, often at a lower cost per square yard.

Diamond grooving machines with circular diamond-tipped saw blades are used to saw grooves into the pavement surface. The advantages of grooving are: reduced accidents, reduced hydroplaning, reduced splash and spray, faster braking, safer driving, easy to construct, economical and no adverse effect on pavement fatigue life.

CGR (slurry) roadside application may improve soil while reducing cost of disposal. As part of the diamond grinding process, water used to cool cutting blades combines with hardened cement paste and aggregate particulates, creating a byproduct kwon as concrete grinding residue (CGR), or slurry. Beginning in 2016, ISU conducted a study on behalf of MnDOT to evaluate slurry deposit impact on vegetation and soils.

Subgrade repair comes in several forms, including slab stabilization (aka, undersealing and sub sealing), slab jacking, and medium and deep injection grouting. Subsurface restoration maintains the structural integrity of the slab and reduces pumping, faulting, and cracking.

Partial depth repair (PDR) is a shallow depth repair procedure used to address pavement deterioration that does not fully extend through a concrete slab. By replacing unsound concrete, PDR can repair spalling and fraying of concrete slab edges at joints and cracks as well as localized scaling. PDR provides several benefits including repair of surface defects, reestablishing joint reservoirs, restoring localized areas of deterioration, restoring rideability and discouraging further deterioration.